When most people think about age and fertility, the focus usually lands on women. But the truth is, male age matters too especially when it comes to the health of sperm and long-term chances of conception. Even though men can technically father children later in life, the quality of sperm changes over time and that can affect pregnancy success and baby health. Let’s take a look at what really happens as men age, and why it’s worth paying attention to.
What Happens to Sperm With Age?
Unlike women, who are born with a set number of eggs, men continue to produce sperm throughout their lives. But as they get older, a few key changes can happen:
- DNA fragmentation: This means the sperm’s genetic material may become damaged or broken, which can lead to problems during fertilization or early development.
- More mutations: Older sperm are more likely to carry tiny changes in DNA, which may increase the risk of miscarriage or certain health conditions in children.
- Lower motility and quality: Sperm may swim slower or be shaped irregularly, making it harder for them to reach and fertilize the egg.
These changes tend to become more noticeable after age 40—though it can vary from person to person.
How Does This Affect Fertility?
Male age can impact the whole fertility picture, even if the sperm count is normal. Here’s how:
- Takes longer to conceive: Studies show it may take more time for couples to get pregnant when the male partner is over 40.
- Higher risk of miscarriage: Damaged or mutated sperm can increase the chance of pregnancy loss.
- Lower IVF success: Assisted reproduction, like IVF, can be less effective with older sperm, even with high-tech help.
What Can Men Do?
The good news? While you can’t stop time, you can support sperm health with a few key habits:
- Stay active and maintain a healthy weight
- Quit smoking and reduce alcohol intake
- Eat a balanced diet rich in antioxidants (fruits, veggies, nuts)
- Manage stress and sleep well
- Get regular checkups, especially if trying to conceive after 40
If you’ve been trying for a while or are planning for the future, a sperm analysis can help understand where things stand and guide next steps.
Yes, male fertility changes with age. And while it may not be as sudden or dramatic as it is for women, it still plays a big role in the journey to parenthood. Knowing this empowers men to take charge of their reproductive health early, plan ahead, and support their partners through the process. Because fertility is a team effort and every piece matters.